{"title":"Roman, Etruscan, Byzantine Art","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis category includes Ancient Roman, Byzantine, and Etruscan antiquities, from the 1st millennium BCE until the fall of Constantinople (the Empires capital) in 1453 CE.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"rj1303","title":"A Roman Intaglio of an Equestrian Warrior, ca 1st century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis beautiful intaglio is carved in a piece of bright blue and green striped mosaic glass, formed by laminating individual pieces in separate colors under great heat which causes them to fuse together.  On its surface, a horse and mounted warrior have been carved in great detail; the bearded warrior is fully armed - wearing a large crested helmet, breastplate, a great shield on his back, he holds the reigns of his horse in his left hand.  This superb intaglio was set as a ring in 1989 and is itself a striking example of wearable art.    Cast in rich 22K gold, the oval bezel joins a separately made hoop inlaid with braided wire filigree of platinum and gold, of a style typical of Roman rings during the late Byzantine period.  The interior of the shank is inscribed:  c1989 Ariadne 22KT, Tim Koheki 1-29.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMosaic glass objects were manufactured using a laborious and time-consuming technique. Multicolored canes of mosaic glass were created, then stretched to shrink the patterns and either cut across into small, circular pieces or lengthwise into strips. These were placed together to form a flat circle, heated until they fused, and the resulting disk was then sagged over or into a mold to give the object its shape. Almost all cast objects required polishing on their edges and interiors to smooth the imperfections caused by the manufacturing process; the exteriors usually did not require further polishing because the heat of the annealing furnace would create a shiny, \"fire-polished\" surface.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor related examples of such intaglios see:   Marshall, FH ; \u003cem\u003eCatalogue of the Finger Rings Greek, Etruscan \u0026amp; Roman in the Department of Antiquities, British Museum\u003c\/em\u003e (London, 1907) pl.12, no.396 and Spier, Jeffrey \"\u003cem\u003eAncient Gems and Finger Rings, Catalogue of the Collections, The J. Paul Getty Museum\u003c\/em\u003e\" (California, 1992) p. 145-152.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:  \u003c\/strong\u003e  Intact and in excellent condition overall.  A very fine and rare example.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e:  \u003cspan\u003eUS ring size 5 1\/2 (UK=L, DE=16, CH=11 3\/4)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e:  Acquired Ariadne Gallery, New York  after 1989, thereafter in a private FL collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll photos copyright \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.kornbluthphoto.com\/contact.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eKornbluth Photography, Maryland\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Kodner Galleries Inc, Florida","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":9569993605,"sku":"RJ1303","price":12000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/ZRJ1303_8.jpg?v=1581425335"},{"product_id":"mj1402","title":"A large pair of Eastern Roman Gold Earrings, ca. 3rd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe hollow crescent bodies of this pair of large Eastern Roman boat-shaped earrings terminate in wire hoops and are decorated on the front with applied drop-shaped box settings inlaid using glass.  Attached below the earrings is a cluster of ornate sprees and smaller drop-shaped compartments bearing pieces of polished carnelian that echo the larger glass setting above. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efor related examples see:  Oliver Jr.  A. \u0026amp; Davidson P. \"Ancient Greek and Roman Gold Jewelry in the Brooklyn Museum\"  (New York, 1985) nos. 136-137, p. 121. and the Museum of the Louvre, Paris, Campana Collection under the reference: BJ 322, BJ 323.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.2;\"\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.2;\"\u003e Intact and in excellent condition overall, with fine reddish patination.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:  \u003c\/strong\u003eHeight:  3 1\/2 inches (8.9 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:   \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate Virginia collection, acquired from the London trade in 1968.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ed Rector","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":8048854405,"sku":"MJ1402","price":9500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/MJ1402_7.jpg?v=1607542955"},{"product_id":"rg1417","title":"A Byzantine Glass Cosmetic Container with Applicator, ca. 4th century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eof hexagonal form, elaborately decorated, one side with large central cross and original bronze applicator fused to the bottle\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e:  small loss to the shoulder otherwise intact and in very good condition overall.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: Height:  275 inches (7 cm); Width: 1.5 inches (3.81 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e:  Private Texas collection, acquired in the 1960's and then by descent.  Exhibited:  Workhouse Art Center, Virginia, Glass National 2016, October, 2016- January 2017.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Jerry Kalef","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":6751761541,"sku":"RG1417","price":2500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RG1417_2_add0ad04-f8bd-4a1c-89e4-56a58195bb20.jpg?v=1607463296"},{"product_id":"rb1605-1","title":"A Roman Military bronze Skillet with maker mark of Publius Cipius Polybius, Flavian Period (65-85 CE)","description":"\u003cp\u003eExcavated in Cyprus, this small bronze skillet is a testament to Roman export trade of goods throughout the empire.  The bowl is small with curving sides from a small ringed foot.  The base was cast and the bowl spun from it, the rim engraved with an elegant border of simple linear design.  Applied on one side of the bowl is a handle, slightly expanded at the termination and, toward the widest part, a keyhole-shaped opening that allowed the vessel to be suspended from a hook or peg.   Below this signature keyhole is stamped with the name of the maker -   \u003cstrong\u003eP.CIPI.POLYBI\u003c\/strong\u003e - \u003cem\u003ePublius Cipius Polybius\u003c\/em\u003e, the most prolific of the Capuan bronze smiths during the mid 1st century AD, whose goods were the most widely distributed throughout Europe.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBackground: \u003c\/b\u003e The Italian and Gaulish bronze-smiths were noted for their products, which included vases, flasks and large jars. Chief amongst the vessels produced in these workshops, however, were the large skillets, ladles, strainers and handled saucers that can be seen in many British and European museums.  The handled saucers were apparently considered as part of a toilet set, and for this reason are commonly known as 'bath-saucers'. The skillets occur in two main forms, those that are deep, normally having a flat handle, and those that are shallow with a tubular handle, the latter often terminating in an animal head.  Incised lines on the interior of some deep skillets are no doubt to enable correct quantities of liquids and\/or dry goods to be measured, and it has been suggested that the skillets were originally produced in graduated sets. When they are found on a Roman occupation site this is most often of military origin, while most finds of deep skillets have come from the frontier areas of the Roman Empire. 'Bath-saucers', on the other hand, are normally found in civilian contexts, although they do also occur on military sites and in hoards found in \u003ci\u003ebarbaricum\u003c\/i\u003e.  cited from: Bennett, J., \u0026amp; Young, R. (1981). Some New and Some Forgotten Stamped Skillets, and the Date of P. Cipius Polybius. Britannia, 12, 37-44. doi:1. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/526242 doi:1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions: \u003c\/strong\u003eDiameter: 5 1\/8\" (12 cm), length (with handle): 8 3\/4\" (22 1\/4 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:  \u003c\/b\u003eFor aesthetic reasons, small losses to the base professionally restored, small loss to exterior rim that does not detract, otherwise the bowl is intact and in excellent condition overall.  Mounted on custom acrylic base made by the Corcoran Museum, DC in the 1980's.  Remains on white collection label on base.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/b\u003eThe William R. Crawford collection of Ancient Glass and Antiquities, acquired in Cyprus prior to 1972.  This piece is accompanied by a copy of the export license issued to Mr. Crawford by Republic of Cyprus, Department of Antiquities.    William R. Crawford, a retired American career diplomat and expert on the Middle East and Cyprus, was Director of Arab-Israeli Affairs at the State Department between 1959-1964, and Deputy Chief of Mission in Cyprus thereafter.  In the 1970's, he was ambassador to Yemen and then to Cyprus and later became principal deputy assistant secretary of state for Near East and South Asian affairs.  He donated part of his collection to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts prior to his death in 2002.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Celia Crawford","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":18890439109,"sku":"RB1603","price":6500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RB1603_8.jpg?v=1607275270"},{"product_id":"rj907","title":"A pair of Roman Gold and Glass Earrings, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eA very pretty pair of gold drop earrings with glass stones suspended, one blue and one green. Hung with high karat twisted gold wire and attached to gold hoops, 18K gold ear-wires attached for wearing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions: \u003c\/strong\u003eOverall drop length: 1 5\/8 inches (4.1 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eIntact and in very good condition overall.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/strong\u003eVernon Pick private collection, acquired in Switzerland in the 1950's and then by descent.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Vernon Pick","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":33685475154,"sku":"RJ907","price":2500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ907_3.jpg?v=1607272627"},{"product_id":"rj1333","title":"An early Christian Bronze Cross Pendant, ca. 500 CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eA small bronze cross mounted as a pendant, with 18K gold caps and a blue glass bead suspended from three of the cross points, a fourth glass bead with gold granulation in the center of the cross, a suspension loop at the top.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e Height: 2 1\/16 inches (5.2 cm), width: 1 7\/8 inches (4.8 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eIntact and in excellent condition overall. With a loop for suspension.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate Virginia collection, acquired from Alexander the Great Gallery of Amman, Jordan in 2010.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Jim Gavrilis","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":33969879186,"sku":"RJ1333","price":1500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ1333.jpg?v=1607271537"},{"product_id":"rp1702","title":"A Roman Phallic Terracotta Juglet, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis small juglet with disc foot, rounded body, the flared rim with pronounced pouring spout has a single handle applied between rim and shoulder. It was used to store perfumed oils, presumably of an erotic or medicinal nature because applied to the rim are four phalloi and a further seven can be found around the shoulder of the vessel.  Constructed from a gritty light-red fabric, traces of a thin, reddish yellow slip can still be found, particularly around the shoulder area. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsidered the ultimate, most powerful source of protection and good fortune, the presence of eleven phalloi makes a determined statement calculated to provide religious and curative powers to the vessels contents.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoser, Claudia, (2006) \"Naked Power: The Phallus as an Apotropaic Symbol in the Images and Texts of Roman Italy\". Undergraduate Humanities Forum 2005-6: Word \u0026amp; Image. 11.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSlane, K., \u0026amp; Dickie, M. (1993). A Knidian Phallic Vase from Corinth. Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 62(4), 483-505.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e: The vessel is intact and in excellent condition overall.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: Height: 3 1\/4 inches (8 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e: The Erotica Collection of Christian von Faber-Castell, Küsnacht, Zürich, Switzerland, since the late 1970s. Accompanied by Art Loss Certificate S00079732 15.10.2013\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Archea Ancient Art","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45493589202,"sku":"RP1702","price":4950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RP1702.jpg?v=1732140755"},{"product_id":"rv1702","title":"A Roman Bronze Balsamarium, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st - 2nd Century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe dark-brown surface of this lovely bronze vessel is partially covered with a beautiful green patina.  Made from elements separately worked then assembled, it features a slender neck with multi-circled rim and circular base that were both soldered to a gently tapering body hammered from a single sheet of bronze. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf highest quality both technically and artistically; the body, with its sinuous and elegant profile, the fineness of the neck to enable good control when pouring expensive liquids.  Several concentric circles of varying thickness in raised relief form the base.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:   \u003c\/strong\u003eHeight:  4 1\/4 inches (10.8 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eIntact and in excellent condition overall.  A truly lovely example.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/strong\u003eEx. private collection of Mrs. Gerald Bronfman, Canada, acquired from Charles Ede in the 1960's- 1980's. Canadian Bronfman family owes its initial fame to Samuel Bronfman (1889–1971), who made a fortune in the alcoholic distilled beverage business during the 20th century through the family's Seagram Company.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Auction","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":385406304274,"sku":"RV1702","price":6000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RV1702_7_f4222efa-0008-4d11-b4f9-a2e00e3d173a.jpg?v=1670254348"},{"product_id":"rj1827","title":"A Late Roman Silver Finger Ring, Late Roman Imperial Period, ca. 3rd - 5th century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eAn ancient silver finger ring, with a black glass intaglio depicting a standing nude male figure holding a long whip.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions: \u003c\/strong\u003eUS ring size 7 1\/4 (UK=O 1\/2)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eWith expected surface wear to the setting, intact and in excellent condition overall.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate NYC collection, acquired from Achmed Saeedi, London in the 1980s.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32033624817735,"sku":"RJ1827","price":1200.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ1827_8.jpg?v=1611685747"},{"product_id":"rj1904","title":"A Roman Carnelian \u0026 Glass Bead Necklace, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 3rd - 4th century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA lovely necklace comprised of interspersed elongated rectangular carnelian beads and round carnelian and blue glass spacer beads.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions: \u003c\/strong\u003eLength: 22 inches (55.8 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eRestrung, intact and in very good condition overall.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate English collection, acquired between 1970 – 2012.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Hansons Auctions","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32033707524167,"sku":"RJ1904","price":2750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ1904.jpg?v=1607282511"},{"product_id":"copy-of-a-roman-glass-miniature-juglet-late-roman-imperial-period-ca-late-4th-century-ce","title":"A Roman Glass Miniature Juglet, Late Roman Imperial Period, ca. late 4th century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis lovely little Roman glass vessel belongs to a poorly-understood class of miniature glass objects from the late Roman period. These tiny gems were usually made in blue glass and unlike most glass of the period, they were hand-worked probably by bead makers, rather than blown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis example has a blue glass handle applied to a clear-molded main body, a knob below the handle and an attached flat blue knob at the base. There are nice traces of iridescence to the body. It would have been worn as an amulet symbolizing cool water for the afterlife.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eBackground:\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eThere is some conjecture that these glass vessels were actually early Christian amulets taken as relics and\/or souvenirs from holy areas. In \"Roman, Byzantine, and early Medieval Glass, the Ernesto Wolf Collection, 10 BCE-700 CE,\" Stern argues for this interpretation based on the distribution of these objects from the Holy Land to western Europe, which supports production in the Middle East and distribution to the Christian world. A vessel of solid blue glass is seen in Christie's Antiquities London, April 1998, lot #45, and was described as \"Two Byzantine Blue Glass Amulets Representing the Sacred Vessel of Joseph of Arimathea.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGustavus Eisen made a similar attribution to a parallel vessel seen in his monumental study, \"Glass, Its Origin, History, Chronology, Technic and Classification to the Sixteenth Century, page 520.\" According to the Christian literary tradition, the vessel of Joseph of Arimathea was used to catch the blood of Christ at the crucifixion. This story provided the basis for the Medieval romance cycles that gave us the legend of the Holy Grail.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eFor related example see: Birgit Schlick-Nolte \"Reflections on Ancient Glass from the Borowski Collection\" (2002) pl. V-33, p. 78.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions: \u003c\/strong\u003eLength: 3\/4 inch (1.9 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eWith minor losses to the surface, overall intact and in good condition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate Maryland collection, acquired from the trade in the early 1990s.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Sands of Time Ancient Art","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32492411748423,"sku":"RG2004","price":350.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RG2004_2f4e9296-4ccd-4fed-a06e-019f55fe212b.jpg?v=1607278311"},{"product_id":"rj2012-1","title":"A Roman Gold and Agate Finger Ring, ca. 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003ea high karat gold hollow ring, the high bezel set with an agate intaglio with white inclusions that depicts the fertility god Priapus, shown in profile, with erect phallus and holding a long staff.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Greek mythology, Priapus was a  fertility god, protector of livestock, fruit plants, gardens, and male genitalia. Priapus is marked by his oversized, permanent erection, which gave rise to the medical term priapism. He became a popular figure in Roman erotic art and Latin literature and is the subject of the often humorously obscene collection of verse called the Priapeia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor ring style comparison: Patricia F. Davidson, Andrew Oliver, Jr.; \"Ancient Greek and Roman gold jewelry in the Brooklyn Museum\" (Brooklyn, 1984)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eUS ring size 6 1\/2  (UK=N, DE=17, CH=14, JP=13)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e: There is a small chip to the lower edge of the intaglio that does not detract, otherwise intact and in very good condition overall.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e:  Private Texas collection, acquired from the Montreal, Canada trade in the mid-1980s.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Suzanne Staley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32668703850567,"sku":"RJ2012","price":3500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ2012_6538d48b-f235-40a4-a5e2-f9b6d96269de.jpg?v=1607280108"},{"product_id":"rj2014","title":"A Roman Amethyst and Carnelian Bead Necklace, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"The skill of the artisan is reflected in this lovely necklace. The twenty-one biconical amethyst beads range in color from deep rich purple to a soft lavender hue, are combined with twenty-one carnelian beads that are either biconical or of faceted spherical form ranging from a deep red to a red-orange hue. This necklace has been strung for wearing with later gold spacer beads that assures appeal to modern and ancient lovers alike. \u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCarnelian beads were immensely popular throughout Greco-Roman antiquity, for it was believed that carnelian was endowed with magical powers; causing the blood to circulate smoothly throughout the body, make the skin healthy and youthful and ward off evil. Once considered strictly the property of the noble class, Romans of high social status were often buried with this gemstone. Since wearing carnelian also makes one feel peaceful and slow to anger, it was often worn by orators to achieve serenity before and during speeches. It is theorized that the color orange is the harmonious balance of passionate, creative red and bright, cheerful yellow, making it particularly soothing to wear.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe ancients ascribed many wonderful and therapeutic properties to amethyst: it cleansed the body of impurities, kept the mind clear and improved memory, and ensured the wearer was immune from infection and contagious diseases. The name of this exquisite purple quartz crystal comes from the Greek word \"\u003cem\u003eamethystos\u003c\/em\u003e\" which literally translates as “remedy against drunkenness”. The Greeks and Romans believed this stone would keep the wearer sober no matter how much wine was consumed. While we can't guarantee to wear this necklace will keep you sober, with the combined amethyst and carnelian, there's always a chance it might make you a happy, alert drunk!\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e: Each bead is a little irregular, as is to be expected from the hand-polishing process used in their fabrication. There is expected signs of wear to a small few of the beads with minor chips that is not excessive and does not detract. Overall the beads are intact and in very good condition. The necklace has been restrung for wearing with a modern gold closure.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: Overall length: 19.5 inches (49.5 cm)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e: Private Californian collection, acquired in the mid-1960s and then by descent to present owner.","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32708140105799,"sku":"RJ2014","price":4500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ2014_3.jpg?v=1644510629"},{"product_id":"rb2010","title":"A decorated Roman Bronze Strigil, ca. 1st -2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eWhen viewing ancient athletic scenes, a basic \"kit\" was almost always included: a sponge, an aryballos, and a strigil. The strigil was a small, curved metal tool used extensively by the Greeks and Romans and considered essential for skin care. After covering the body with olive oil, it was used to scrape dirt and sweat from their bodies as part of the process of massage, cold or hot baths, exercise, or competitive games.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe curved handle allowed the strigil to be hung on a wall, together with the sponge and the aryballos containing the oil (see RB2102 aryballos), and they were often used in Roman baths. This strigil is a little more ornate than the usual utilitarian examples for it features a fine concave tapering blade, and is decorated on the handle and exterior of the blade with incised linear decoration, wavy lines, leaves, scrolls, and fish.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a related example, see Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: \u003ca title=\"Bronze Strigil\" href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/246704\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e97.24\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e: Height: 10 3\/4 inches (27 cm)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e: Loss to the side of the handle that does not detract, otherwise intact and in very good condition overall. On museum-quality custom mount.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e: S. Zuckerman (1942-2017) collection, acquired from Tetragon, Portobello Road in the 1980s; and thence by descent to the present owner.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bonhams","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39255924375623,"sku":"RB2010","price":4250.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RB2010.png?v=1774064029"},{"product_id":"rb2103","title":"A Roman Bronze Oil Lamp Spout, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eKnown traditionally as plastic ('plastic' meaning molded or modeled) lamps, oil lamps of this type were formed into fantastic shapes Their shapes were limited only by the makers' imaginations and were molded to represent anything from heads, hands, and feet, to gods, animals and mythological characters. This anthropomorphic spout is from such a vessel, depicting the head of Pan with a glaring expression, wide protruding nose, and large open mouth that was used as the wick hole, the back open for attachment to the body of the lamp.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions: \u003c\/strong\u003eLength: 1 3\/4\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003einches (4.44 cm), Width: 1 1\/2 inches (3.8 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eIntact and in good condition overall. With good patina.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate Maryland collection, acquired in 2009, previously in a Dutch private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ward Gaines","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39265126678599,"sku":"RB2103","price":950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RB2103.jpg?v=1615406253"},{"product_id":"rs2001","title":"A Roman Marble Winged Lion-Griffin, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eWith its head held erect in ever-watchful alertness, hooked beak gaping wide as if screaming a warning, this griffin is the perfect visual embodiment of its fearful mythological subject. These hybrid monsters with the body of a lion and the head and wings of an eagle were inspired in classical Greco-Roman times by the descriptions of beaked quadruped dinosaur fossils in gold deposits of Central Asia. Symbol of divine power and authority, this majestic creature comes to life, rising from its great hind legs, the powerful musculature of its body rippling with enormous strength; its front paws curled, almost relaxed, hiding deadly talons. The eagle head held aloft, cocked to the left for the bright, keen eye to better observe the viewer, the great sickle-shaped wings with their ornate pattern of incised feathers, are raised, almost touching and ready to fly. There is a handsome crest on the long neck and a pronounced rounded forelock at the top of the head. \u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAlthough carved in the round in white marble, the left side is unfinished and undoubtedly not intended for view, for it lacks the superb detailing and soft high sheen finish of the right. Despite this lack of definition, this complete composition signifies wealth and luxury, portraying a complex interplay of fierceness and resilient strength. \u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e Height: 4 1\/2 inches (11.43 cm), Length: 6 inches (15.2 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Incomplete, with scattered areas of surface encrustation, losses to rear legs, front right paw, and tip of the left wing. Custom mounted on museum quality stand.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/strong\u003e Private Israeli collection assembled in the 1980s, thereafter with Sasson Gallery, Israel, 2000s, thereafter a private NYC collection.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39308391645255,"sku":"RS2001","price":9500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RS2001_8_edf514d5-790d-43da-a9ba-366c1f8822cd.jpg?v=1617940246"},{"product_id":"rp2102","title":"A large Roman Redware Dish, Late Imperial Period, ca. 4th century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThis large redware dish is an excellent example of African Red Slipware (ARS) produced during the Roman Late Imperial Period. This example is typical of the type, with its slight sheen to the\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e orange-red burnished slip.  It \u003c\/span\u003estands on a raised ring base, has shallow sloping sides and an everted rim, and is decorated with a thin double band encircling the rim and another around the tondo.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground\u003c\/strong\u003e:  African Red Slip was the final development of \u003cem\u003eterra sigillata\u003c\/em\u003e.  It was heavily influenced by the earlier Arretine ware from Italy and Samain ware from Gaul, but was by far the most successful and popular type, flourishing for almost five hundred years. Produced in the North African provinces of\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eAfrica Proconsularis, Byzacena, and Numidia in modern-day Tunisia, it gained popularity throughout the empire in the third century, overtaking the previous two types. Characterized by a thick orange-red slip over granular fabric, and decorated either plainly with simple grooves as seen here, or later, more elaborately with either applique reliefs or stamped motifs of palm leaves, animals, humans, mythological scenes, and eventually Christian symbols.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eRef: Charleston, R.J., Roman Pottery, London: Faber and Faber (1955), pp. 21 - 23, pl. 23B.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:   \u003c\/strong\u003eDiameter: 12 inches (30.5 cm), Height: 1 1\/2 inches (3.8 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eA minor chip to the rim, and minor expected surface wear, overall intact and in very good condition.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate European collection, acquired October 31, 1970. With old sticker on the base reading '31.10.70 \/ Ain Mdeker.' Ain Mdeker is a spring in Tunisia.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Lauritz auctions","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39358825201735,"sku":"RP2102","price":1500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RP2102.jpg?v=1621015011"},{"product_id":"rb2106","title":"A Roman Bronze Figure of Lar, ca. 1st - 3rd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eSolid cast bronze figure of Lar, depicted with his right leg advanced, wearing boots, a short tunic pinned at the shoulders, and a mantle tied around his waist with the skirt and ties billowing behind. His head is slightly downturned to his right and his short, wavy locks are upswept. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLares were guardian deities in ancient Roman religion. Their origin is uncertain; they may have been hero-ancestors, guardians of the hearth, fields, boundaries, or fruitfulness, or an amalgamation of these. Lares were believed to observe, protect, and influence all that happened within the boundaries of their location or function\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e: Overall deep blue-green surface patina with scattered deposits that do not detract. Missing left forearm and right hand, left lower leg and foot, otherwise intact and in very good condition overall.  A very charming example.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: Height: 4 3\/4 inches (12.06 cm)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e: NYC collection acquired Bonhams, London, June 1997, lot 422.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39384914034759,"sku":"RB2106","price":4950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RB2110.png?v=1774067165"},{"product_id":"rj2122","title":"A Roman Gold Ring with Garnet Intaglio, Roman Imperial Period","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003eThe dark garnet intaglio engraved with a figure, most probably Mercury, holding a caduceus and wearing a tapered helmet, set in a heavy ring of 22K+ gold, the wide round bezel and shank creating a very attractive backdrop for the curved intaglio.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eSpier, Jeffrey 'Ancient Gems and Finger Rings', J. Paul Getty Museum, 200 pages (1993), p. 126, no. 335\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e Intact and in very good condition overall.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUS ring size 3 (UK=F, DE=14, CH=4, JP=4)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eMadame Frances Artuner Collection, Belgium, formed during the 1960s thence by descent to her daughter in the US\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Michael Richards","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39507677085767,"sku":"RJ2122","price":5000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ2122_3.jpg?v=1634501266"},{"product_id":"rg2103","title":"A Roman Amber Glass Bottle, ca. 2nd - 3rd century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eOf pale amber glass, the small, squat bottle with trailings around the circular body, standing on a small disc foot.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:   \u003c\/strong\u003eHeight:  3 inches (7.5 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003e  Loss of some trailing to the exterior, otherwise intact and in very good condition overall.  Interestingly, there appears to be a thick glass repair made to the lower body done at the time of manufacture.  This can be determined because trailing glass has been applied over the top of the \"repair\". \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/strong\u003eEstate of Dr. Seymour Ira Schwartz\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003e(1928 – 2020), Rochester, New York. \u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eDr. Schwartz, an eminent surgeon, and prolific polymath was the founding editor of the 1,800-page surgery textbook, first published in 1969, that became a bible for medical students.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eHe was one of the most prolific and honored surgeons in American history with further successes outside of the field of medicine as a renowned author and cartographic historian.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cottone Auctions","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39525577162823,"sku":"RG2103","price":1200.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RG2103.jpg?v=1636652824"},{"product_id":"rj1319","title":"An Egyptian Electrum-Glass Bead depicting Harpokrates, Early Roman Imperial Period, ca. 50 BCE – 50 CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGold glass beads were a Hellenistic development. They were created by combining drawn tubes of colorless glass with gold or electrum foil. The earliest examples were finished bead by bead.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eThis flat rectangular example of colorless glass, has rounded edges and corners with a hole pierced vertically through the bead.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eOn the upper surface is Harpokrates the child in raised relief, facing front, wearing the sidelock of youth, his right arm raised holding a finger to his mouth.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eThe underside with a pattern of raised dots in horizontal rows.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eFor related examples see Metropolitan Museum of Art, accession number: 17.194.509 and Spaer, M., Barag, D., Ornan, T., \u0026amp; Neuhaus, T. (2001), \u003cem\u003eAncient glass in the Israel Museum: Beads and Other Small Objects\u003c\/em\u003e, Jerusalem: Israel Museum, p. 137 #234-235.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGold-glass beads with figurative motifs are rare on the whole, but nonetheless well documented.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eSuch beads have been found primarily in Egypt and Nubia but also in southern Russia and even Iran.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eThere is no way of knowing if they were all manufactured in Egypt and exported, or made by similar methods (and possibly identical molds) in different locations.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eDimensions: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eHeight: 1 1\/4 inches (2.9 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCondition: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eWeathered edge resulting in minor loss to the foiling at the top of the bead, craquelure, and fine surface sheet, intact and in excellent condition overall.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003ePaul I. Ilton (1904-1958) private collection, acquired prior 1958 and then by descent to his son, Arie Ilton. Born in Germany and educated in Universities Cologne and Berlin, Ilton moved to Palestine in 1934 becoming a Palestinian citizen, conducting continuous archaeological research in Palestine, Trans-Jordan, Iraq, Syria, Hedjaz-At and assembling a personal collection that was published in 1958. With the outbreak of World War II, he entered the British Information Service in Jerusalem and served with the rank of captain until 1946 when he took up permanent residence in the United States lecturing at both New York University and Cornell University.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Paul Ilton","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39569029070919,"sku":"RJ1319","price":2000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ1319.jpg?v=1641929801"},{"product_id":"rj1902","title":"A Roman Carnelian Faceted Bead Necklace, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe most favorable pieces of carnelian are a deep red to red-orange hue, and this fine bead necklace is a splendid example of type.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eIt is composed of thirty-four (34) fiery carnelian faceted beads that graduate in size.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eCarnelian stones, which were immensely popular throughout Greco-Roman antiquity, originated from deposits in the Arabian Peninsula and India. Like the Egyptians and the Greeks, the Romans believed that carnelian was endowed with magical powers; it caused the blood to circulate smoothly throughout the body, made the skin healthy and youthful and was capable of warding off evil.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eOnce considered strictly the property of the noble class, Romans of high social status were often buried with this gemstone.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eAncient warriors wore carnelian for courage and physical power to conquer their enemies. Since wearing carnelian also makes one feel peaceful and slow to anger, it was often worn by orators to achieve serenity before and during speeches. It is theorized that the color orange is the harmonious balance of passionate, creative red and bright, cheerful yellow, making it particularly soothing to wear.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions: \u003c\/strong\u003eString length: 45 cm (18\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e inches\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition: \u003c\/strong\u003eRecently restrung with 14K gold clasp, necklace and individual beads are intact and in excellent condition overall.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance: \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate Californian collection, acquired in the mid 1960's and then by descent to present owner.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Kevork","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39583184584775,"sku":"RJ1902","price":3500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RJ1902_2_1bd919a1-32b9-459d-a5b5-162e440d9967.jpg?v=1644965523"},{"product_id":"rt2008","title":"An Etruscan Terracotta Votive Head of A Goddess, ca. 4th - 3rd century BCE","description":"This lovely bust, of natural buff terracotta, is an excellent example of the awakening sophistication of Italic artists, who, over the following two centuries, fused native traditions with imported ones and gave birth to the multifaceted art of Late Republican Rome.  Sculpted lifesize, the head of a goddess is characterized by well-detailed features, her face with large, almond-shaped eyes, the full rounded lips with a slight archaic smile, she is wearing a short polos over hair styled in light waves that frame her face.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e: Age cracks professionally conserved with fill and minor cosmetic overpainting, small losses to the slip at the base of the neck, overall intact and in very good condition. \u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: Height: 10 inches (25.4 cm)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e: Private Collection, England, acquired prior to 2000, thereafter from the Collection of Michael Minick, New York.","brand":"Hindman Auctions","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39613675012167,"sku":"RT2008","price":6500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RT2008.jpg?v=1698769264"},{"product_id":"rg2104","title":"A Roman Green Glass Vessel, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eof pale green glass, with a flat base, rounded body, and wide flaring rim.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:  \u003c\/strong\u003eHeight: 1 1\/2 inches\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003e(3.5 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:  \u003c\/strong\u003eIntact and in very good condition overall.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/strong\u003eEstate of Dr. Seymour Ira Schwartz\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003e(1928 – 2020), Rochester, New York. \u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eDr. Schwartz, an eminent surgeon, and prolific polymath was the founding editor of the 1,800-page surgery textbook, first published in 1969, that became a bible for medical students.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eHe was one of the most prolific and honored surgeons in American history with further successes outside of the field of medicine as a renowned author and cartographic historian.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cottone Auctions","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43729938514223,"sku":"RG2104","price":550.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RG2104_2.jpg?v=1667923423"},{"product_id":"copy-of-a-roman-byzantine-terracotta-oil-lamp-br-em-ca-5th-century-ce-em","title":"A large Daunian Funnel Krater, \u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eca. 4th century BCE\u003c\/em\u003e","description":"A very finely-potted krater of buff-colored terracotta, with a large funnel-shaped mouth, applied twin loop handles on the globular body, and decorated with red and black concentric banding. \u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e: Exhibiting fine root marks, with a few very small chips and one tiny probe hole, otherwise intact and in excellent condition overall. A beautiful and impressive example.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: Height: 13 inches (33 cm), width from handle to handle: 18 1\/2 inches (47 cm)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e: Private east coast collection, acquired from the NY trade in 2003.","brand":"Ancient Objects","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44159043797295,"sku":"RP2106","price":3500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RP2206_2.jpg?v=1670899643"},{"product_id":"rt2203","title":"An Etruscan Terracotta Antefix, ca. 6th century BCE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eIn the form of a half-sized head of a man with black curls along the forehead and fine, pointed features. The delicately outlined almond-shaped eyes with dark pupils, high arched brows, high cheekbones, pointed nose, the full lips set in an archaic smile.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eDuring the Archaic period, the workshops at Caere (modern Cerveteri) in southern Etruria produced a large number of architectural terracottas (friezes, covering plaques, acroteria, and antefixes) designed to decorate sacred buildings. Etruscan temples were largely built from perishable materials: wood, bricks, or blocks of tuff for the superstructure; stone for the base.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eAntefixes, painted bright and garish colors, were placed at the ends of the roof tiles to decorate the plain structures, covering up the wooden beams and, perhaps more importantly, protecting them from the elements.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eTerracotta was the favored material as it was cheap to make and easily replaceable. Additionally, antefixes were a spiritual prophylactic against the evil eye and other malevolent influences (the Gorgon head motif was particularly popular in order to scare away such spirits).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCf: David M. Robinson, “Etruscan-Campanian Antefixes and Other Terracottas from Italy at the Johns Hopkins University,” American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 27, No. 1 (January - March 1923), pp. 3 - 4.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:  \u003c\/strong\u003eHeight: 6 3\/4 inches (17.2 cm), Width: 5 1\/2 inches (13.4 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:  Pigment\u003c\/strong\u003e losses as shown, especially to the top right side of the head, otherwise intact and in good condition overall.  Custom mounted.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/strong\u003eHótel Drouot, Paris, 12 October 1991, Lot 143.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Hindman Auctions","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44377393955119,"sku":"RT2203","price":7500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RT2203_8a.jpg?v=1699826612"},{"product_id":"a-large-roman-legionnaire-pugio-dagger-roman-imperial-ca-2nd-3rd-century-ce","title":"A large Roman Legionnaire Pugio (Dagger), Roman Imperial, ca. 2nd - 3rd century CE","description":"This very large, impressive pugio (dagger) is hand forged from iron, and features the characteristic pronounced curved blade and a longitudinal channel on both sides defining a rib. Daggers, such as this example, would have carried an entirely organic grip of wood and a pommel most probably of bone. Such daggers have been found at German frontier forts.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLike the gladius (Roman short sword), the pugio is of Spanish origin, acclimated for Roman use. Usually of bronze or iron, it was sometimes highly decorated with ornate decorations of silver or gold with red enamel inlay on the scabbard and sometimes the hilt. It would have been hung on one of two military belts, or \u003cem\u003ecingulum\u003c\/em\u003e \u003cem\u003emilitare,\u003c\/em\u003e worn around the hips, the other holding the gladius on the opposite hip, a practice begun during the reign of Augustus. The pugio ceased to be issued at the end of the 1st century, but a larger form re-emerged during the 3rd century such as this example. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ecf: Coulston, J. C., Bishop, M. C. (1989). Roman Military Equipment. United Kingdom: Shire, pgs 163-165 fig. 104.4\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublished\u003c\/strong\u003e: J. Eisenberg, Art of the Ancient World, 2010, no. 110.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition\u003c\/strong\u003e:  Intact and in excellent condition overall. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e: Length: 18 1\/8 inches (46 cm)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance\u003c\/strong\u003e: collection of Axel Guttmann (1944-2001), Berlin, acquired in Munich in the 1990's, thereafter private Californian collection.","brand":"Steve Granitz","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44664225988911,"sku":"RX2213","price":20000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/RX2213_2.jpg?v=1678476268"},{"product_id":"rb2206","title":"A Roman Bronze Oil Lamp with Duck Head, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 2nd - 3rd century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe elongated form with three small filling holes, a fluted, nozzle, and a grooved shoulder, sitting on a small base. The handle attached at the back features a duck head terminal with a long closed beak, open eyes, and flared feathers at the neck and back.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:  \u003c\/strong\u003eLength:\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003e5 3\/4 inches (14.7 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:  \u003c\/strong\u003eOverall intact and in excellent condition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate Swiss collection, then by descent.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"David Cahn","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45401435603247,"sku":"RB2206","price":2500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RB2206.png?v=1774064444"},{"product_id":"rm2304","title":"A rare Roman Silver Medical Needle, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st -  2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eA rare silver needle, the rounded shaft tapering to a sharp point, a twisted handle with molded ring at the end. Eyeless needles were used for piercing and cauterizing and consequently, in addition to the cautery and cataract needle, would have been useful to the oculist in the treatment of opthalmic conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEarly Roman medicine was heavily based on religious and holistic practices, including prayers, chants, herbs, and charms. It wasn't until the late third century BC that Greek surgical practices and Greek doctors were brought to Rome. The military saw the first changes in medical practice, with the addition of permanent doctors, the establishment of military hospitals, and the widespread adoption of surgery. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Silver \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Length:\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003e5 3\/8 inches (13.65 cm)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Intact and in very good condition overall, presented on a museum-quality custom mount. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Private NYC collection, acquired from the NYC trade.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47034442383663,"sku":"RM2304","price":1750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/products\/a23ae4e4b36074218c1088a602f4e24d.jpg?v=1693890246"},{"product_id":"rg2302","title":"A Roman Glass Bottle, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st -  2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eIndulge in the splendor of this exquisite dark yellow-hued blown glass bottle. Its smoothly curved body is adorned with intricate vertical ribbed swirls, evoking a sense of opulence and luxury. The wide neck gracefully tapers into a funnel-like mouth, finished with a delicate colored rim. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Glass \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Height: 3 5\/8 inches (9.2 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Overall scattered surface deposits, the vessel is intact and in excellent condition overall. Early collection label affixed around the neck. A beautiful example. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Estate of Peter H. Tillou, CT, acquired 1990’s and then by descent.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50393170870575,"sku":"RG2302","price":950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RG2302_2.jpg?v=1723871914"},{"product_id":"rb2405","title":"A large Greco-Roman Bronze Mirror, Late Hellenistic or Early Imperial, ca. 100 BCE – 100 CE","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eThis circular mirror provides a fascinating glimpse into the everyday life of the ancient Romans.  \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eUsed for personal grooming, mirrors were considered to be an important part of Roman personal accessories.  Roman bronze mirrors were produced in various sizes, and this particular example is very large, measuring eight inches in diameter.  Polished to a high shine, the mirror side is slightly convex, which would have helped to produce a clear reflection.  While the back is protected by a shallow lip, and features a lovely incised flower motif of alternating registers of circles and petals. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a related example, see Metropolitan Museum of Art, accession number: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/244284\" title=\"Bronze mirror\" data-mce-href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/244284\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e74.51.5405\u003c\/a\u003e  and Hayes, John W. (1984) Greek, Roman and Related Metalware in the Royal Ontario Museum. A Catalogue (Toronto, Royal Ontario Museum), p. 188-190. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Bronze \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Diameter: 8 inches (20.32 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:  \u003c\/b\u003eThe mirror is intact and in very good condition overall.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Raymond A. Davis (1931 - 2018), California, private collection, acquired between 1980 to 2005.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Robert Davis","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50459413643567,"sku":"RB2405","price":3750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/b4ad3fd3090c8d03579b43ca058b819e.jpg?v=1725298371"},{"product_id":"rm2305","title":"A Roman Fresco Wall Painting Fragment, Early Roman Imperial Period, ca. 15 BCE - 50 CE","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eThis fine, realistic fragment shows a white Nile crane with its large wings spread above its body, long delicate legs extended, its neck outstretched, and a small tuft on top of its head.  It is typical of work done in the Third Style (around 1–20 CE), which coincided with the reign of Augustus, where surface ornamentation was favored over illusion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the Early Roman Imperial Period, wall paintings such as this example often featured a monochromatic background in rich reds, deep blacks, or pure whites that were adorned with intricate architectural and plant-like designs. These elaborate details were the central focus, while figural and landscape scenes played a secondary role in the overall decorative scheme. Some of the most remarkable examples of this period are the frescoes found in the imperial villa at Boscotrecase near Pompeii. Surprisingly, the Third Style also incorporated Egyptian elements and symbolism, including depictions of the Nile and Egyptian gods, as illustrated in this piece. To the Egyptians, the crane was a symbol of longevity, wisdom, and good luck.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Fresco and tempera on stucco, set in a modern black frame.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Height 8 3\/4 inches (22.2 cm); Frame 11 1\/2 x 11 3\/4 inches (29.21 x 29.85 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e The fragment is overall intact and in very good condition. Mounted in plaster framed by wood with hanging support. With old inventory number 14077. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Private European collection, acquired in 1979. Sold through Gorny \u0026amp; Mosch, Munich, Auction 163, December 14 2007, Lot 53.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Hindman Auctions","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50469554520367,"sku":"RM2305","price":17500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/d4cd637c68730b04d1d17de5931f90aa.jpg?v=1725582302"},{"product_id":"rj2416","title":"A Roman Gold Shield Pendant, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eA circular pendant with rope-style decorative border and the center with a small circle in raised relief.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Gold \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Pendant diameter: 1\/2 inch (1.27 cm). Strung on an adjustable 18-inch chain of 18K yellow gold. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Ancient wear, but overall intact and in very good condition. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e  Henry Anavian, Sumer Gallery, NYC., acquired in the 1970s-1980s, then by descent to family.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50544631742767,"sku":"RJ2416","price":1200.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/92a7c23f15a28f824c44028acdc966cb.jpg?v=1727628075"},{"product_id":"rj2315","title":"A Byzantine Silver and Glass Pendant, Byzantine Empire, ca. 5th - 6th century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eA large round double-sided silver pendant made with a wide collet frame with ornamental bands to the edges. On the obverse, is a repousee scene with the angel Gabriel, Mary and the Christ child on her lap, and on the reverse is a portrait bust of Christ in gold foil with an iridescent glass overlay. Custom mounted but can be worn. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Silver, glass \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Length 2 1\/4 inches (5.7 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Three small fills to the silver and minor cracking throughout the back, and some overall crushing to the silver. Custom mounted. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Art Market, Munich, 1990s, thereafter Art Market, New York, 2000s.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Hindman Auctions","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50565967708463,"sku":"RJ2315","price":3000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RJ2315_5.jpg?v=1728063547"},{"product_id":"rj2419","title":"An exceptional pair of Vintage Bulgari Gold Cufflinks with Roman Intaglios, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eStep into the rich history of the Roman Empire with these timeless Bulgari vintage cufflinks. Meticulously handcrafted in 18k yellow and white gold, the polished oval bezel frames with double bar wrap accents exude luxury. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdorned with ancient, hand-carved Roman intaglios in fine red-green heliotrope, these cufflinks are a must-have for any connoisseur of fine craftsmanship and historical significance. One of the intaglios showcases a well-detailed depiction of Mercury, shown standing with a caduceus in his right hand and carrying a purse in his left. He is also wearing a winged hat (petasos). The second intaglio illustrates a finely carved scorpion, symbolizing the Roman Praetorian Guard, the esteemed personal bodyguards of the Roman Emperor. The back of the cufflinks have hinged lever backs and are signed \"BVLGARI\" and engraved \"ROMA 2nd cent A.D.\" with a serial number. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Gold, carnelian \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Width: 0.62 in (15.68 mm), Length: 0.7 in (17.75 mm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:  \u003c\/b\u003eVery good condition overall.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/b\u003ePrivate NY collection.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Greenleaf and Crosby","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50576150593839,"sku":"RJ2419","price":8750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/7089c300974a680812b7d281651086ec.jpg?v=1728411990"},{"product_id":"rj2310","title":"A Roman Carnelian and Garnet Necklace with Amphora Shaped Pendants, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 2nd - 3rd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis stunning necklace features six amphora-shaped carnelian pendants, surrounded by bright carnelian barrel-shaped beads, interspersed with small garnet spacer beads. It is strung on an 18K yellow gold link chain of ancient design.design.design.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Carnelian, garnet, gold \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Length: 18 inches (45.7 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Restrung and in excellent condition overall.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e From the property of an East Coast Collector acquired prior to 1979.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ira and Larry Goldberg","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50596360126767,"sku":"RJ2310","price":3950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/0ddaf2e4736fc01d01d286dc9ed04ef7.jpg?v=1729016087"},{"product_id":"rj2422","title":"A Pair of Roman garnet earrings, Roman Imperial, ca. 1st -  2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eThese pretty ancient garnets have been recently mounted as earrings with solid 14K gold posts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThroughout history, garnets have held a place in ritual symbolism. It is said that garnet was one of the twelve stones in Aaron's breastplate, representing the tribe of Judah and that King Solomon wore garnet adornments when he went into battle. Noah chose a garnet to hang in the Ark, and it illuminated his way through the floods. Perhaps this Biblical reference made garnet the stone worn by travelers and soldiers to promise them a safe return home. But even before Biblical times, garnets were worn and treasured. Garnet necklaces have been found in graves in Czechoslovakia dating back to the Bronze Age. Garnet stones have been buried with warriors and nobles in Ancient Egypt (3100 BCE), Sumeria (2100 BCE), and Sweden (2000 BCE). Plentiful throughout the world, and easily found just beneath the earth's crust, garnets were worn as jewelry among the Aztecs and Mayans, Native Americans, aboriginal Australians, and Asians. Garnets are also believed to have the power to staunch blood, offer protection and healing from poisons, and purify the liver. Since ancient times, people have believed that garnets can help spark mental acuity and clarity, lighten the mood and bring peace and solace to the grieving. Over the years, garnets have acquired the meaning of fidelity, loyalty, and love. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Garnet, gold.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Bead length: 1\/4 inch (3.17 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e The garnets are intact and in very good condition overall with signs of ancient wear that do not detract. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e The 14K gold earring mounts are modern, the garnets from a private English collection, acquired between 1970 - 2012.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Sands of Time Gallery","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50636551717167,"sku":"RJ2422","price":895.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/MJ2409_2.jpg?v=1730067002"},{"product_id":"rj2409","title":"A Roman Carnelian Intaglio Ringstone of Mercury, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003ea well detailed intaglio of Mercury, messenger of the gods, shown standing on a simple groundline, wearing a winged hat (\u003cem\u003epetasos)\u003c\/em\u003e and holding a herald's staff (\u003cem\u003ecaduceus) \u003c\/em\u003ewith two entwined snakes around it, in his right hand and a purse in his left.  The intaglio is set a vintage hollow bezel ring of 22K yellow gold, of ancient style.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA related gemstone example can be found in the catalogue of the J. Paul Getty Museum's collection of Ancient Gems and Finger Rings, figure 309. This example is early Roman as well and shows the god leaning on a column with similar posture and clutching the same belongings. The above example has more detail, particularly in the musculature of the god, making it a very interesting and charming piece.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReference: Spier, Jeffrey. Ancient Hems and Finger Rings of the J. Paul Getty Museum. Malibu, CA, 1992. p. 119, fig. 309. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Carnelian, gold \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e US ring size: 7 1\/4 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e The intaglio is intact and in excellent condition overall. It has been set in a modern 22K gold ring. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Private South Dakota collection, acquired from Barakat Galleries, Beverly Hills, in 1987. Accompanied by a copy of the original invoice.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"eBay","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50647076667695,"sku":"RJ2409","price":4500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/b65032ea6b78761e1ea5a18bdb6465b0.jpg?v=1730344876"},{"product_id":"mj1708","title":"A pair of east Roman Amphora Pendants set as Earrings, ca. 1st century BCE - 1st century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eHand made from sheet gold, these amphora pendants, with pointed bases, rounded bodies, narrow necks, and curving handles on either side have been modern set as a pretty pair of earrings.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Gold \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Length: 1 1\/2 inches (3.8 cm) Modern set as earrings with 14K gold posts. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Denting to the amphorae otherwise intact and in good condition overall. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Private NYC collection, acquired in the 1990s.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50647213572399,"sku":"MJ1708","price":1250.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/821d6442f6143da8adc78645d3903f04.jpg?v=1730350604"},{"product_id":"rp2405","title":"A good Roman Redware Platter, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st century CE","description":"An excellent example of Roman redware pottery, this dish has a flat base and short, slightly curved sides, the interior with  four circular designs at the tondo.  \r\r\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Clay\r\r\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e  Diameter: 8 1\/2 inches (21.6 cm), Height: 1 1\/4 inches (3 cm)\r\r\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Intact and in very good condition overall.\r\r\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Ambassador Allen Clayton Davis (1927 - ) private collection, acquired between (1968-1970).\r\rAmbassador Allen Clayton Davis's diplomatic career in Africa spanned a period of thirty years. Beginning in 1958, he served in Washington, and then he went to Africa for the first time, as a consular\/political officer in Liberia.  From 1960 through 1965, Davis served in Washington as a desk officer, first for African Affairs, and he was then assigned to the Western European Affairs bureau on the Belgian desk.\r\rIn 1966, he was sent to Moscow as a political officer, and in 1968, Davis returned to Africa, first for an assignment in Ouagadougou in Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) as the deputy chief of mission, and then to Algiers as a political officer and as deputy chief of mission in Senegal and Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo). In 1980, he was appointed American ambassador to Guinea and in 1983 the American ambassador to Uganda. He returned to Washington in 1985 and was posted to the United Nations to work with the African delegations. He later was sent across the Atlantic to work with the European Command in Stuttgart, which had just been given responsibility for Africa. Upon returning once again to Washington in 1990, Ambassador Davis retired from the U.S. Foreign Service. \r","brand":"Alan Davis","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50687555436847,"sku":"RP2405","price":1200.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/f5c27252de4edc30cb4796b36e75ea4e.jpg?v=1731289474"},{"product_id":"rx2402","title":"A Late Roman Silver Spoon, Late Roman Period, ca. 3rd - 5th century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eRoman spoons stand out as a notable cultural artifacts, often considered a treasured personal possession. Spoons crafted from precious metals were esteemed so highly that they frequently appeared in the inventories of noble households. Their desirability is underscored by the discovery of silver spoons in various treasure hoards, a testament to their valued status.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis fine example features a shallow, circular bowl and a fluted back end. The handle is connected to the bowl by an elegantly curved piece of silver that tapers to a pointed tip. Called a \"cochlearium\" by the Romans, (\"cochlea\" is Latin for \"snail), the sharp end of the spoon was used to pick up small pieces of food and extract snails or seafood from their shells, while the bowl was intended for gravies and desserts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a related example see: Metropolitan Museum of Art, accession number: 17.191.211 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Silver \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Length: 6 1\/4 inches (15.9 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e The spoon is intact and in excellent condition. Presented on a custom mount.  \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e English private collection, acquired in the 1970s.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50688703070511,"sku":"RX2402","price":4950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RX2402_2.jpg?v=1731308841"},{"product_id":"gb2403","title":"Pair of Bronze Hydria Handles with Palmette Terminals, Classical period, ca. 5th century BCE","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"336\" data-end=\"825\"\u003eThis elegant pair of wide, crescent-shaped bronze handles exemplifies the refined craftsmanship of Classical Greek metalwork. Each handle terminates in stylized palmette and volute motifs, carefully modeled in low relief and cast by the lost-wax (\u003cem data-start=\"583\" data-end=\"596\"\u003ecire perdue\u003c\/em\u003e) process. The decorative quality of these attachments suggests they were commissioned for a high-status vessel, most likely a large bronze hydria, used for carrying water and often found in domestic, ritual, or funerary contexts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"827\" data-end=\"1204\"\u003eThe sweeping arc of the handles is both functional and ornamental. The flaring terminals, adorned with vegetal scrollwork, reflect the Greek appreciation for symmetry, natural forms, and elegant transitions between utility and aesthetics. Such fittings would have been riveted to the shoulders of a vessel, transforming a utilitarian object into a marker of taste and affluence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a related example, see Metropolitan Museum of Art, \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eAccession No. \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e68.11.2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eCast bronze using the lost-wax method\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Each handle length: 7 inches (17.78 cm), Width: 4 inches (10 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Intact and in very good condition. Presented on museum-quality custom mounts. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eFrom the private collection of Raymond A. Davis (1931–2018), California; acquired November 21, 1996, from John Ristow Curiosities, Novato, California; previously with Greg Manning Galleries, New Jersey. Accompanied by a copy of the original invoice from John Ristow. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Robert Davis","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50713334710575,"sku":"GB2403","price":3950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/890d1e2d826bf957205ddb4dda0b2ed3.jpg?v=1731967040"},{"product_id":"ej2130","title":"A published Group of Millefiori, Mosaic and Eye Glass Beads, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st century BCE\/CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis stunning necklace features eight distinct multicolor glass millefiori cylindrical beads, each adorned with various stylized floral motifs and solid color borders. These beads are enhanced by ovoid glass eye beads, along with antique 18K gold spacer beads in the Etruscan style.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground\u003c\/strong\u003e: \"Millefiori,\" which translates to \"a thousand flowers\" in Italian, refers to a popular floral design pattern. Millefiori beads, a type of mosaic glass, were created in ancient times by placing numerous sections of patterned glass canes in close proximity to each other and then heating them to fuse together. The resulting pad of millefiori glass was then rolled upon itself and shaped into a bead. When Italian artisans reinvented millefiori glass, they typically applied cane pieces to a separate base, often the bead's core, and fused the components together. This technique is how ancient millefiori beads can be distinguished from more modern variations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTubular beads published: I. Grimm-Stadelmann (ed.), Aesthetic Glimpses, Masterpieces of Ancient Egyptian Art, The Resandro Collection, Munich, 2012, p. 239, no. R-789. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Glass, gold\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Length: 18 inches (45.7 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e  One tubular glass bead has been repaired from two original pieces with some loss along the break line, the balance are intact and in excellent condition overall.  Restrung with Etruscan-style antique spacers of 18K gold.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e  Tubular beads: The Alfred Wolkenberg Collection of Ancient Glass, Christies, London, 9 July 1991, lot 130, thereafter Resandro collection, Germany, acquired from the above sale, thereafter Christies, London, 12\/5\/2017, sale 14231, lot # 110.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50736296657199,"sku":"EJ2130","price":15000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/EJ2130_11.jpg?v=1732308827"},{"product_id":"rj2420","title":"A Roman Amethyst Bead Pendant, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eA pretty translucent amethyst bead of ovoid shape. The bead form is a little irregular, as is to be expected from the hand-polishing process used in the fabrication.   Set as a modern 14K yellow gold teardrop pendant on an 18\" adjustable chain of 18K yellow gold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBackground: The name of this exquisite purple quartz crystal comes from the Greek word \"amethystos\" which literally translates as “remedy against drunkenness”. In antiquity, this stone was believed to keep the wearer sober no matter how much wine he might consume. All the great ancient civilizations valued the gem; it was particularly popular in Egypt for scarabs and in Greece and Rome for intaglio rings. Because of its wine-dark color and its use to prevent intoxication, many were carved with the head of the wine-god Dionysus.  Even today, the rings of high-ranking ecclesiastics often have amethysts as their center stones. Many wonderful and therapeutic properties are ascribed to the gem: it cleanses the body of impurities, keeps the mind clear and alert and improves the memory, it gives the wearer pleasant dreams and keeps them immune from infection and contagious diseases. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Amethyst, gold \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Overall drop length: 1 inch (2.54 cm). Strung on a 19-inch 14K gold chain \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition: \u003c\/b\u003e Intact and in very good condition overall.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/b\u003ePrivate NY collection, acquired from the trade in the 1980s.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Sands of Time Gallery","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50750495129903,"sku":"RJ2420","price":950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/9bf90a829afde719b8dc4fa9aaca8c71.jpg?v=1732653926"},{"product_id":"rs2101","title":"A good Roman Marble Sculpture of a Young Bacchus, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st - 2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp\u003eMarble statues of children first appeared during the 3rd century BCE and quickly became one of the favored subjects in art. This delightful example depicts Bacchus, the youthful god of wine, as a young child. Carved in the round, Bacchus is shown seated in a pose commonly associated with children. His right hand rests on his leg while his left arm hangs relaxed beside his knee. His long, luxurious curls, which signify his divine identity, cascade down his neck. His head is turned, adding a naturalistic twist to the well-defined shoulders that slope gently. The overall pose is sensitive and relaxed, conveying a wonderful sense of movement.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBackground: The bad boy of Mt. Olympus, and perhaps the most colorful of the Olympian gods, the youthful, beautiful Dionysus (Greek), or Bacchus (Roman), was the god of wine, viticulture, merriment, and theatre. Homer describes the god as the ‘joy of men,’ and Hesiod likewise describes him as ‘much-cheering.’ This is no doubt because Dionysos is credited with giving man the gift of wine. The Romans believed that Bacchus represented the spontaneous and unrestrained aspects of life, inspiring his worshipers in their drunken state, and freeing them to think and act in new ways. The chief festival held in Bacchus’ honor was the infamous Bacchanalia. Though specific details surrounding the Bacchanalia are scarce, the festivals were known to feature drinking, carousing, and reveling, among other activities. Bacchanalia festivals were often held in the countryside, far from unnatural and stiff city life. Versions of the festival were held several times a year in southern Italy and, following their conquest, in the Near East and Greek regions of the Roman Empire. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReference: Z. Newby; Greek Myths in Roman Art and Culture, Imagery, Values and Identity in Italy, 50 BC-AD 250, Cambridge University Press, 2016. P.87. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished: \"Venerable Traditions: Works of Art from the Ancient World\" (Fortuna Fine Arts , 2007).  The Hellenistic period is notable for its tendency towards depicting youths in visual culture. During this time, marble statues of children emerged as a popular genre. Alexandria and Asia Minor were central production hubs for these works. Many of these statues represented young deities such as Herakles, Hermes, or Dionysos, often characterized by specific attributes they held. For instance, if a young figure holds grapes in their left hand, it usually depicts Dionysos as a child.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCF. a child with grapes in the Getty, inv. 73.AA.6, illustrated in Cornelius C. Vermeule, Greek and Roman Sculpture in America. Masterpieces in Public Collections in the United State and Canada (Berkeley, 1981), cat. No. 151, p. 184. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Marble \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Height: 16 inches (40.5 cm), Width: 9 inches (22.86 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e  The head has been reattached. There are losses noted on the nose, left hand, right knee, toes, and base. Expected surface wear includes nicks and deposits, as shown in the images. There are traces of pigment and\/or mineral deposits on the coiffure. Otherwise, the item is in very good condition and is quite rare. An old inventory label numbered 8613 can be found on the base.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Ex. private East Coast, USA collection, ex. Gorny \u0026amp; Mosch, Munich, Germany, 12\/12\/2006, lot 154, ex. Gorny \u0026amp; Mosch, 7\/11\/2006, lot 150. Published: “Venerable Traditions: Works of Art from the Ancient World” (Fortuna Fine Arts, 2007).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50751347720495,"sku":"RS2101","price":37500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RS2101_5.jpg?v=1732680881"},{"product_id":"rj2139","title":"A fine Pair of Roman Gold Amphora Earrings, ca. 1st -2nd century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA striking and unusually large pair of Roman gold earrings fashioned as miniature amphorae. Each pendant stands on a square plinth and presents a gently rounded body with pronounced, ear-shaped handles finished in a faux-braided motif. Large suspension loops at the vessel rims allow attachment to the modern 14K diamond-set hoops. The workmanship is fine and delicate, with the amphora form carefully modeled to read as both small-scale vessels and elegant jewelry pendants. The removable contemporary hoops, fitted with thirty-two small round brilliant diamonds in total, provide a versatile, wearable presentation while preserving the antiquities as historic components.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGold jewelry was highly valued in Roman society for both its decorative appeal and personal adornment. Miniature representations of everyday objects, such as vessels like amphorae, were a common motif in Roman jewelry. These items were often crafted as pendants, earrings, or charms. Amphorae, in particular, are evocative choices; beyond their practical uses for storage, trade, and wine, they symbolize abundance, domestic prosperity, and Mediterranean commerce.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quality and scale of these pendants, along with the careful detailing of the handles and bases, demonstrate the skill of Roman goldsmiths in creating small three-dimensional figures. This particular pair of pendants stands out for both its size and intricate detail, making it a rare and attractive example of Roman personal ornamentation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Gold; modern 14K yellow-gold hoops set with 32 round white diamonds (total .24 ct; 32 × .0075 ct each; I1 clarity \/ G–H color)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Height: 1 3\/8 inches (3.49 cm). Overall drop length: 2 inches (5.08 cm) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Very good. A few minor, scattered dents to the amphora pendants commensurate with age; otherwise intact and structurally sound. The historic gold pendants are fitted to removable modern 14K hoops, permitting two wearing options (pendants attached or hoops worn alone).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Shlomo Moussaieff collection, Israel. 1980s thereafter private NYC collection. Shlomo Moussaieff (1925 – July 1, 2015) was an Israeli jeweler, of Bukharan Jewish descent, and the grandson of the wealthy gemstone trader Rabbi Moussaieff from Uzbekistan. Founder of Moussaieff Jewellers Ltd., he and his wife and business partner, Alisa, were ranked No. 315 on the Sunday Times Rich List 2011, with a fortune estimated at £220 million. Moussaieff produced precious jewelry for international royalty and high society, including Western royalty and those from Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf states. He spoke Arabic fluently. In addition, Moussaieff was regarded as one of the world's top private collectors of antiquities associated with the Bible and the ancient Near East, with a collection of over 60,000 artifacts.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50752363659567,"sku":"RJ2139","price":6500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RJ2139.jpg?v=1732724744"},{"product_id":"rm2401","title":"A group of seven Roman fresco fragments, Roman Imperial, ca. 1st century AD","description":"\u003cp\u003eDelicately painted in blue, white, green, brown, red and yellow polychrome.  \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThese small fragments seem to belong to the second style of Roman painting, red panels representing highlight and shadow, decorated with vegetal interlaces. Some panels were probably framed by a red grenade fillet. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRoman frescoes are the only surviving type of Roman painting, although literary references speak of painting on wood, ivory, and other materials. Frescoes were used to adorn the interiors of private homes in Roman cities and the countryside. Frescoes were applied to plaster walls while still wet, so that the pigment penetrated the plaster and became part of the wall, rather than just paint sitting on the surface. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ecf. Hakanen, V., 'VI Wall Plaster Fragments' in Berg, R., Kuivalainen, I., Domus Pompeiana M. Lucretii, IX,3, 5.24, The inscriptions, Works of Art and Finds from the Old and New Excavations, Vantaa, 2019, pp.196-224, figs.3-4. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Stucco, polychrome \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e Width: 11cm ( 4 1\/4 inches); 7.5 cm ( 3 inches) and 7.5cm (3 inches). Height: 6 cm (2 1\/4 inches) \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Fragmentary as described, with very good remaining polychrome. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Acquired in the 19th century, then by descent. Jeger private collection, Switzerland.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Brett Johnson","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50789443207471,"sku":"RM2401","price":1500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/11a132500f455f38cb078af0e622af17.jpg?v=1733928049"},{"product_id":"rj2103","title":"A Roman Gold and Glass Pendant, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 1st -  2nd century CE","description":"The round body with  three clear glass inserts, topped with a beehive-shaped cap and strung on a 14k gold link chain.\r\r\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMedium:\u003c\/b\u003e Gold, Glass\r\r\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/b\u003e  Pendant length: 3\/4 inch (1.9 cm). Strung on a 20-inch gold chain.\r\r\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCondition:\u003c\/b\u003e Some minor denting to the gold, overall intact and in good condition.\r\r\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/b\u003e Paul I. Ilton (1904-1958) private collection and then by descent to his son, Arie Ilton. Born in Germany and educated in Universities Cologne and Berlin, Ilton moved to Palestine in 1934 becoming a Palestinian citizen, conducting continuous archaeological research in Palestine, Trans-Jordan, Iraq, Syria, Hedjaz-At and assembling a personal collection that was published in 1958. With the outbreak of World War II, he entered the British Information Service in Jerusalem and served with the rank of captain until 1946 when he took up permanent residence in the United States lecturing at both New York University and Cornell University.\r","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50937510396207,"sku":"RJ2103","price":2000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/72d222613683bf4e670fe364b9c87c3d.jpg?v=1737503830"},{"product_id":"rj2136","title":"A Late Roman Constantinus II Silver Coin set in a Gold Pendant, ca. 337 - 361 CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA rare Roman silver coin, the obverse depicting the bust of Emperor Constantinus II facing right, wearing a pearl diadem and a toga with shoulder clasp, with an inscription around. The reverse with a soldier standing facing left, holding a spear and gesturing with inscriptions around.  The coin has been set in a contemporary ancient high karat gold pendant with a faux braided border, and a large suspension loop at the top.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMedium: \u003c\/strong\u003e Silver, high karat gold\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003ePendant diameter: 1 1\/4 inches (3.17 cm).\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eStrung on a modern 20-inch handmade gold chain (15.3g) of 24K gold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:\u003c\/strong\u003e The coin is whole, yet over time, the silver has fractured into several pieces. Given the rarity of this coin, it has been professionally treated to maintain its integrity. The surrounding gold bezel, contemporary to the coin, shows signs of wear and use, adding character without detracting from its appeal. Overall, the pendant presents beautifully, and the modern chain complements the piece exceptionally well. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:\u003c\/strong\u003e  Ex. Sumer Gallery, (Henry Anavian) NYC, acquired 1970s - 1980s, and then by descent.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51022018969903,"sku":"RJ2136","price":7500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RJ2136_4_1c64b1a5-cd51-472d-8d86-4dd0bf402669.jpg?v=1742933826"},{"product_id":"rj2421","title":"Roman Silver \u0026 Carnelian Finger Ring, Roman Imperial Period, ca. 2nd - 3rd century CE","description":"\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA Roman silver ring with a thick tapering shank, the bezel set with a raised round carnelian intaglio carved with the standing figure of Sol, the Roman god of the sun, gesturing in one hand and holding his whip dangling behind him in the other.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eThe letters ATH are in the field.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe Roman god Sol was believed to ride a golden chariot that carried the sun across the skies every day from East to West. Although a native Italian deity, he is often linked to the Greek god Helios and is depicted with the same flaming halo.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMedium:  \u003c\/strong\u003eSilver, carnelian\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:  \u003c\/strong\u003eUS ring size: 6 (UK: L 1\/2; France: 52; Germany 16 1\/2; Japan: 12; Italy 11 1\/2).\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eIntaglio length: 1\/2 inch (1.27 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCondition:  \u003c\/strong\u003eSome normal wear on the top edge, otherwise intact, and in excellent condition overall.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eA very nice example.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProvenance:  \u003c\/strong\u003ePrivate NYC collection acquired from Ariadne Gallery, NYC.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arte Primitivo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51022030340399,"sku":"RJ2421","price":2995.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/files\/RJ2421.jpg?v=1739557131"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0234\/5339\/collections\/RM2305.jpg?v=1767287469","url":"https:\/\/sandsoftimedc.com\/en-ch\/collections\/roman\/funerary-religious-equipment.oembed","provider":"Sands of Time Gallery","version":"1.0","type":"link"}