玛雅石鹿哈查,约公元 500 - 800 年
玛雅石鹿哈查,约公元 500 - 800 年

玛雅石鹿哈查,约公元 500 - 800 年

PS2102

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这件精心制作的玄武岩雕塑展示了鹿的侧面头部,鹿是中美洲热带森林和大草原上最常见的动物之一。在古代,它们与神灵、祭祀、狩猎仪式,尤其是太阳再生有关。鹿头饰经常出现在玛雅彩陶上,与球赛和狩猎仪式有关。

这里的鹿哈查与几乎所有的鹿哈查一样,都是侧面的,脸长下巴结实,鼻尖圆润,嘴唇娇嫩,略微张开,但与真正的鹿不同,耳朵又短又圆。眼睛的雕刻非常精细,因为眼窝深深地雕刻着凸起的眼眶板,眼眶板与前面的凹槽明显分开,代表鹿眼腺。顶冠底部有一个稳定的穿孔,颈部略微凹陷,形成一个区域,让奖杯可以放在寺庙或纪念碑的凹槽内。雕塑用致密的深灰色玄武岩雕刻而成,表面光亮如新,光泽亮丽。

中美洲棒球运动员会穿戴护具,称为哈查、帕尔马斯和轭,以保护臀部和腹部免受实心橡胶球的冲击。在绘画和雕塑中,轭被佩戴在球员臀部周围,帕尔马或哈查则系在前面。在积极比赛中使用的护具很可能由木头或其他轻质材料制成;而石制护具(如这件)则在与球赛相关的仪式中佩戴,或作为展示品。鉴于每件哈查的设计都独具特色,佩戴的护具和石刻护具可能都用于识别球队或个人。

哈查这个名字指的是许多斧头的形状(哈查在西班牙语中是斧头的意思),包括这里看到的例子。在这些斧头中,后部比前部略宽,两侧汇聚成一个尖角。面部特征和其他细节都雕刻在浅浮雕上,每一面都是另一面的镜像。

状况:整体表面略有结垢。表面有两处非常小的薄片,角顶已修复,其余完好无损。

尺寸:高:10 1/2 英寸 (26.5 厘米),宽:7 1/2 英寸 (19 厘米)

出处:佛罗里达州私人医生收藏,于 2003 年 12 月 1 日从乔治·马丁内斯 (George Martinez) 处获得,他于 20 世纪 50 年代获得该藏品,其中包括乔治·马丁内斯 (George Martinez) 的出处信件副本。

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Furthermore, we conduct due diligence to ensure the item, to the best of our knowledge, has not been illegally obtained from an excavation, architectural monument, public institution, or private property. Wherever possible, reference is made to existing collections or publications.Wherever possible, reference is made to existing collections or publications.

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