An Egyptian Limestone Stone Pounder, Old Kingdom, ca. 2543 - 2120 BCE

A compact limestone stone pounder of roughly spherical form, the surface showing overall battering and abrasion from repeated use. The object has been shaped only to the extent necessary for handling, with softened edges and an evenly worn exterior consistent with prolonged impact rather than decorative finishing. An old collection number remains visible on one face.

Stone pounders of this type are well attested in ancient Egyptian quarrying and workshop contexts. While harder stones such as granite were preferred for heavy-duty quarrying, limestone examples are known as expedient tools, particularly in limestone-rich regions. These objects were used for rough stone dressing, knocking away softer material, dressing block faces, or crushing materials such as gypsum or pigments used in plaster and paint preparation. Their simple, utilitarian form reflects industrial and architectural activity rather than domestic or ritual use. 

Medium: Limestone

Dimensions: Diameter: 2 1/2 inches (6.3 cm)

Condition: Intact, with surface wear, pitting, and abrasions consistent with ancient use. No restoration observed.

Provenance: Estate of George S. Mack, Greenwich, acquired 1980s - early 1990s.  With old collection number: 4518 marked in black pigment.

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